What is the pathophysiology of osteomyelitis?
What is the pathophysiology of osteomyelitis?
Pathophysiology of Osteomyelitis Osteomyelitis tends to occlude local blood vessels, which causes bone necrosis and local spread of infection. Infection may expand through the bone cortex and spread under the periosteum, with formation of subcutaneous abscesses that may drain spontaneously through the skin.
What is a Codman’s triangle?
Definition/Introduction. Codman triangle is a radiologic sign seen most commonly on musculoskeletal plain films. It is the name given to a periosteal reaction that occurs when bone lesions grow so aggressively they lift the periosteum off the bone and do not allow the periosteum to lay down new bone.
What causes Codman triangle?
The main causes for this sign are osteosarcoma, Ewing’s sarcoma, eumycetoma, and a subperiosteal abscess.
Which part of the body does pyogenic osteomyelitis most commonly affect?
Whether chronic or acute, osteomyelitis often affects an adult’s pelvis or vertebrae of the spine. It can also occur in the feet, especially in a person with diabetes.
What does periosteal mean?
The periosteum is a membranous tissue that covers the surfaces of your bones. The only areas it doesn’t cover are those surrounded by cartilage and where tendons and ligaments attach to bone.
Who is at greatest risk for osteosarcoma?
Age. The risk of osteosarcoma is highest for those between the ages of 10 and 30, especially during the teenage growth spurt. This suggests there may be a link between rapid bone growth and risk of tumor formation. The risk goes down in middle age, but rises again in older adults (usually over the age of 60).
What kind of bone lesions have a Codman triangle?
Codman triangle is a type of periosteal reaction seen with aggressive bone lesions. With aggressive lesions, the periosteum does not have time to ossify with shells of new bone (e.g. as seen in single layer and multilayered periosteal reaction), so only the edge of the raised periosteum will ossify.
What kind of periosteal reaction is Codman triangle?
Codman triangle is a type of periosteal reaction seen with aggressive bone lesions. The periosteum does not have time to ossify with shells of new bone (e.g. as seen in a single layer and multilayered periosteal reaction) in aggressive lesions, so only the edge of the raised periosteum will ossify.
Is the Codman triangle a sign of aggressive disease?
The Codman triangle is another sign indicating an aggressive process. The Codman triangle is an acutely-angled triangle of periosteal reaction along the cortex surface and indicates the transition between the periosteum of the aggressive disease process and the uninvolved bone. No tumor cells are found in the Codman triangle.
What kind of cancer can be found in the Codman triangle?
The Codman triangle may be seen with the following aggressive lesions: 1 osteosarcoma 2 Ewing sarcoma 3 osteomyelitis 4 active aneurysmal bone cyst 5 giant cell tumor 6 metastasis 7 chondrosarcoma (especially juxtacortical chondrosarcoma) 8 malignant fibrous histiocytoma