What is Hyperhemolytic crisis?
What is Hyperhemolytic crisis?
Abstract. Introduction: Hyperhemolytic crisis is a rare and dangerous complication of sickle cell disease where the hemoglobin level drops rapidly. This can quickly lead to organ failure and death. In the literature, most cases of hyperhemolysis in sickle cell patients followed a red cell transfusion.
What is vaso occlusive crisis?
Pain crisis (also called vaso-occlusive crisis) This occurs when the flow of blood is blocked to an area because the sickle-shaped cells have become stuck in the blood vessel.
What means hemolytic?
Hemolytic: Referring to hemolysis, the destruction of red blood cells which leads to the release of hemoglobin from within the red blood cells into the blood plasma. Hemolytic anemia, for example, is anemia (“low blood”) due to the destruction (rather than the underproduction) of red blood cells.
What does it mean when blood is Hemolyzed?
“Hemo” means blood, of course; “lysis” means to rupture or the destruction of cells. So hemolysis is literally the destruction of blood cells, specifically red blood cells. When red cells rupture, they spill their contents, mostly hemoglobin, into their surroundings.
What causes Hyperhemolytic crisis?
Hyperhemolytic crisis occurs due to infections, certain drugs, or toxins, and results in an acute increase in RBC destruction. In these types of crises, hemoglobin levels fall faster than the bone marrow can manufacture red blood cells, and the anemia becomes life-threatening.
What is Autosplenectomy?
Autosplenectomy denotes spontaneous infarction of the spleen with resulting hyposplenism.
What is vaso-occlusive crisis in children?
A vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC) can manifest as pain in the chest, abdomen, back, or limbs, occurring when the red blood cells sickle and cause localized ischemia. Vaso-occlusive crisis affecting the bone is the most common acute clinical manifestation of SCD in children.
What is hemolysis and why is it important?
One cause of hemolysis is the action of hemolysins, toxins that are produced by certain pathogenic bacteria or fungi. Another cause is intense physical exercise. Hemolysins damage the red blood cell’s cytoplasmic membrane, causing lysis and eventually cell death….
| Hemolysis | |
|---|---|
| Causes | Osmosis |
What does hyperhemolysis mean in sickle cell disease?
Hyperhemolysis is characterized by a life-threatening hemolytic transfusion reaction, with hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct) dropping markedly lower than before transfusion. This phenomenon, commonly described in sickle cell disease, is a rare occurrence in patients without hemoglobinopathies. Case Report.
What are the signs and symptoms of hyperhemolysis?
1. Background. Hyperhemolysis is characterized by a hemolytic transfusion reaction that leads to a life-threatening anemia, with drops in hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct) to levels markedly lower than those present before transfusion.
What kind of anemia is caused by hyperhemolysis?
Hyperhemolysis is characterized by a hemolytic transfusion reaction that leads to a life-threatening anemia, with drops in hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct) to levels markedly lower than those present before transfusion. This phenomenon has been commonly described in sickle cell disease [ 1 – 7 ] and B-thalassemia major [ 8
Are there any cases of hyperhemolysis in the UK?
Hyperhemolysis is a severe and potentially life-threatening complication of transfusion described in numerous case reports and gaining recognition since 2009 via the UK Serious Hazards of Transfusion scheme.