What is gingival zenith position?
What is gingival zenith position?
The highest point of the free gingival margin was measured from the vertical bisected midline (VBM) along the long axis of the tooth of the maxillary anterior dentition, including the central incisors, lateral incisors, and canine teeth, to obtain the gingival zenith position (GZP) in a medial-lateral direction.
What is Zenith Point Dental?
Context: Zenith points are the most apical position of the cervical tooth margin where the gingiva is most scalloped. To establish the appropriate gingival zenith is of utmost importance in the field of esthetic dentistry.
What is the normal contour of gingiva?
The free gingiva has an undulating contour; the triangular projections between the teeth are called interdental papillae. The marginal end of the gingiva folds over the tooth surface, and actual attachment of the gingiva to the tooth only takes place below the gingival border.
What is zenith direction?
Definition: Zenith is the imaginary point that is directly above a particular location on the celestial sphere. The opposite of zenith, that is the direction of the gravitational pull, is called the Nadir, at 180 degrees. Zenith, in astronomy terms, is the point in the sky directly overhead.
What is the normal gingiva?
Healthy gingiva is described as ‘salmon’ or ‘coral pink’. It may be pigmented, which reflects the ethnic origin of the subject. The gingiva is firm in consistency and firmly attached to the underlying alveolar bone. The surface of gingiva is keratinised and may exhibit an orange peel appearance, called ‘stippling’.
What are the 3 anatomical division of the gingiva?
The periodontium is the dense connective tissue between the roots of the teeth and the dental alveoli. Gums divide into three anatomical parts or types – the marginal, attached, and interdental parts.
Where is the correct location of the gingival zenith?
(Figure 1 shows the proper placement of the gingival zenith.) The zenith of the central incisor should be at the distal third, the lateral incisor in the middle, and the cuspid can range from anterior third through to the distal third5 (Fig. 7).
When to use gingival collage for braces?
When there is a need for prosthetic finishing, gingival collage can equalize the zenith line and periodontal aesthetic. The present study aims at the elaboration of a manual to guide orthodontists in the bonding of braces using as a reference the reconstruction of an ideal gingival contour.
Where is the gingival aesthetic line ( gal ) located?
The gingival aesthetic line (GAL) was defined as a line joining the tangent of the gingival margin zeniths from the central incisor and canine. The GAL angle was determined at the intersection of the GAL and the maxillary midline between the two central incisors (extending through the tip of interdental papilla) [12].
What should the gingival margin of a smile be?
This ranges from 2mm to -2mm. The gingival margin of the lateral incisor can range from being on the GHOC line to 1mm below while maintaining an aesthetic result (Figs. 2 – 4).