What is translation according to Venuti?
What is translation according to Venuti?
Lawrence Venuti begins the article defining translation as an act of violence: “it is the forcible replacement of the linguistic and cultural difference of the foreign text with a text that will be intelligible to the target-language culture” which will therefore “assimilate into [the target-language culture’s] …
What is Nida’s theory?
According to Eugene Nida, dynamic equivalence, the term as he originally coined, is the “quality of a translation in which the message of the original text has been so transported into the receptor language that the response of the receptor is essentially like that of the original receptors.” The desire is that the …
What is functionalism translation?
“Functionalism” means focusing on the function of texts and translation. Functionalism is a broad term for various theories that approach translation in this way. For this equivalence-based approach, the emphasis is on the faithfulness or equivalence of the target text (TT) to the source text (ST).
What is Skopos theory in translation studies?
Skopos theory is a theory of translation by the German translator Vermeer in 1978. In this theory, the process of translation is determined by the function of the product. According to skopostheorie, the basic principle which determines the process of translation is the purpose (skopos) of the translational action.
What is a good translation according to Venuti?
A good translator, for Venuti, must strive to make himself visible within the translated text in order to raise awareness that the text created is not an original.
What is the difference between Foreignizing translation and domesticating translation?
Domestication designates the type of translation in which a transparent, fluent style is adopted to minimize the strangeness of the foreign text for target language readers; while foreignization means a target text is produced which deliberately breaks target conventions by retaining something of the foreignness of the …
What are the three phases of NIDA’s system of translation?
Nida’s theory falls in three stages: descriptive linguistics, communication theory and social semiotics. The second stage, namely communication theory, requires that the translator must consider the needs and feeling of readers.
What is the translation theory?
This theory, based on a solid foundation on understanding of how languages work, translation theory recognizes that different languages encode meaning in differing forms, yet guides translators to find appropriate ways of preserving meaning, while using the most appropriate forms of each language.
What are the functional theories of translation?
Functionalist approaches generally believe that the function of a text in the target culture determines the method of translation. They are said to have developed in opposition to the equivalence paradigm of the linguistic-based approaches which see the source text as what determines the nature of the target text.
What is functional theory translation?
The so-called functional translation theory dates from the 80s, when the main emphasis of translation was shifted from the structural linguistics of a text to the pragmatic aspect of linguistics, a new orientation towards the function of language (cf. Stolze ).
What is polysystem theory?
In relation to the literary and cultural aspects, polysystem theory is based on. three oppositions, namely: the opposition between “canonized and non- canonized products or models”, between “the system’s centre and periphery”, and between “primary and secondary activities”.