Can a microarray detect cancer?
Can a microarray detect cancer?
Microarray analysis has yet to be widely accepted for diagnosis and classification of human cancers, despite the exponential increase in microarray studies reported in the literature. Among several methods available, a few refined approaches have evolved for the analysis of microarray data for cancer diagnosis.
How does cancer affect gene expression?
Cancer can be described as a disease of altered gene expression. There are many proteins that are turned on or off (gene activation or gene silencing) that dramatically alter the overall activity of the cell. A gene that is not normally expressed in that cell can be switched on and expressed at high levels.
Which type of gene expression promotes cancer growth?
Proto-oncogenes are a group of genes that cause normal cells to become cancerous when they are mutated (Adamson, 1987; Weinstein & Joe, 2006). Mutations in proto-oncogenes are typically dominant in nature, and the mutated version of a proto-oncogene is called an oncogene.
What gene is associated with cancer?
The most commonly mutated gene in all cancers is TP53, which produces a protein that suppresses the growth of tumors. In addition, germline mutations in this gene can cause Li-Fraumeni syndrome, a rare, inherited disorder that leads to a higher risk of developing certain cancers.
What diseases can a microarray detect?
Chromosomal microarray (CMA) is increasingly utilized for genetic testing of individuals with unexplained developmental delay/intellectual disability (DD/ID), autism spectrum disorders (ASD), or multiple congenital anomalies (MCA).
What can we learn from microarray?
For instance, microarrays are currently a key tool in genetic diagnosis, allowing doctors to identify specific subtypes within an overall disease category based on differences in gene expression.
Do cancer cells mutate?
According to research findings from the Cancer Genome Project, most cancer cells possess 60 or more mutations. The challenge for medical researchers is to identify which of these mutations are responsible for particular kinds of cancer.
Can cancer run in the family?
Some types of cancer can run in families. For example, your risks of developing certain types of breast cancer, bowel cancer or ovarian cancer are higher if you have close relatives who developed the condition.
What two types of genes are involved in cancer development?
Two of the main types of genes that play a role in cancer are oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes.
What are the 3 broad types of cancers?
What are the different types of cancer?
- Carcinoma. A carcinoma is a cancer found in epithelial tissue, which covers or lines surfaces of organs, glands or body structures.
- Sarcoma. A sarcoma is a malignant tumor growing from connective tissues, such as cartilage, fat, muscle, tendons and bones.
- Lymphoma.
- Leukemia.
- Myeloma.
What are the two types of cancer genes?
How many different cancer genes are there?
So far, 291 cancer genes have been reported, more than 1% of all the genes in the human genome. 90% of cancer genes show somatic mutations in cancer, 20% show germline mutations and 10% show both.