Does phenytoin affect bone?
Does phenytoin affect bone?
Anticonvulsant therapy causes changes in calcium and bone metabolism and may lead to decreased bone mass with the risk of osteoporotic fractures. The two widely used antiepileptic drugs phenytoin and carbamazepine are recognized to have direct effects on bone cells.
Why does phenytoin cause osteoporosis?
At therapeutic levels, phenytoin and carbamazepine have exhibited direct effects on the bone by inhibiting osteoblast cells. A mechanism that may be solely linked to phenytoin is the inhibition of osteocalcin secretion–a hormone that regulates calcium in the bone.
What is a good score for a DEXA scan?
A T-score of -1.0 or above is normal bone density. Examples are 0.9, 0 and -0.9. A T-score between -1.0 and -2.5 means you have low bone density or osteopenia. Examples are T-scores of -1.1, -1.6 and -2.4.
Does Dilantin affect bone density?
A new study shows young women taking phenytoin (also commonly known as Dilantin) for one year lost 2.6% of the bone density in the femoral neck — the upper part of the thigh bone near the hip joint. It’s a common and dangerous site for fractures among the elderly.
How does phenytoin decrease bone density?
It is also evident that repeated administration of phenytoin may cause osteopenia which may be due to bone loss by inhibiting bone formation and/or by accelerating bone resorption rather than osteoid accumulation.
Can phenytoin cause vitamin B12 deficiency?
Therefore, the above analysis has witnessed that the long-term phenytoin treatment was the cause for the deficiency of Vitamin B12 or Folate concentration of Epileptic patients. The present study concluded that the Folate and Vitamin B12 deficiency was directly proportional to the duration of Phenytoin treatment.
At what age should you stop getting bone density tests?
Women should get a bone scan at age 65. Men age 70 and up may want to talk with their doctors about the risks and benefits before deciding. Younger women, and men ages 50 to 69, should consider the test if they have risk factors for serious bone loss.
Can I take vitamin D before a bone density test?
Calcium and vitamin D intake before bone density test can reduce risk of osteoporosis.
Can I take vitamin D with phenytoin?
phenytoin cholecalciferol Using phenytoin together with cholecalciferol may decrease the effects of cholecalciferol. Contact your doctor if your condition changes. If your doctor does prescribe these medications together, you may need a dose adjustment or special test to safely use both medications.
Can you take calcium with phenytoin?
Aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, and calcium may bind to phenytoin in your digestive tract, preventing your body from absorbing your phenytoin.
How does carbamazepine and phenytoin affect bone density?
The two widely used antiepileptic drugs phenytoin and carbamazepine are recognized to have direct effects on bone cells. The aim of our study was to measure the influence of long-term treatment with antiepileptic drugs on bone mineral density (BMD) and to look on direct effects of carbamazepine and phenytoin on human osteoblast-like cells.
How is phenytoin used to treat low bone mineral?
Excretion of pyridinoline crosslinks was markedly increased in the patients. 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 and 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 were significantly decreased in patients. Proliferation rate of human osteoblast-like cells was increased by phenytoin in low doses.
How does anticonvulsant therapy affect bone density?
Long-term anticonvulsant therapy leads to low bone mineral density–evidence for direct drug effects of phenytoin and carbamazepine on human osteoblast-like cells Anticonvulsant therapy causes changes in calcium and bone metabolism and may lead to decreased bone mass with the risk of osteoporotic fractures.
What do you need to know about a bone density test?
Bone density test 1 Overview. A bone density test determines if you have osteoporosis — a disorder characterized by… 2 Why it’s done. The higher your bone mineral content, the denser your bones are. 3 Risks. Differences in testing methods. Devices that measure density of the spinal… 4 How you prepare. Bone density tests are easy,…