How does octreotide reduce pancreatic secretion?
How does octreotide reduce pancreatic secretion?
Background. Octreotide is known to decrease the rate of postoperative complication after pancreatic resection by diminishing exocrine function of the pancreas.
What is pancreatic fistula?
A pancreatic fistula is characterized by leakage of pancreatic fluid as a result of disruption of pancreatic ducts. Disruption of pancreatic ducts can occur following acute or chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic resection, or trauma.
What kind of drug is octreotide?
Octreotide injection is in a class of medications called octapeptides. It works by decreasing the amounts of certain natural substances produced by the body.
How do you fix a pancreatic fistula?
Endoscopic therapy is usually the preferred method for many pancreatic fistulas. With an ERCP, sphincterotomy and/or placement of a pancreatic stent is performed to promote the flow of pancreatic secretions into a chosen internal drainage route.
What causes pancreatic fistulas?
Pathogenesis. Internal pancreatic fistulas are most commonly caused by disruption of the pancreatic duct due to chronic pancreatitis. The chronic pancreatitis is usually alcoholic in origin in adults, and traumatic in origin in children. They may also be caused by leakage from a pancreatic pseudocyst.
When should pancreatic drain be removed?
Conclusions: In patients at low risk of pancreatic fistula, intra-abdominal drains can be safely removed on POD 3 after standard pancreatic resections. A prolonged period of drain insertion is associated with a higher rate of postoperative complications with increased hospital stay and costs.
Can a fistula be treated with octreotide acetate?
Resolution occurred at a mean of 23 days in 7 patients. According to this study, patients with fistulas secondary to obstructed ductal drainage or an infected fistular tract are unlikely to respond to octreotide therapy. For the treatment of variceal bleeding† or nonvariceal upper GI bleeding†.
How often can you take octreotide acetate subcutaneously?
Doses have ranged from 75 mcg to 100 mcg subcutaneously every 8 hours. The efficacy of octreotide in enterocutaneous fistulas was examined in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study involving 14 patients who had not responded to 7 days of total parenteral nutrition, cimetidine, and nasogastric suction.
Where is octreotide found in the pancreas?
Octreotide is an analog of somatostatin which can reduce gastrointestinal, biliary, and pancreatic secretions, as well as decrease gastrointestinal motility (1). Somatostatin is found within the pancreas, stomach, intestinal mucosa and mesenteric neurons (2).
How long does it take for a pancreatic fistula to close?
Fistulas closed in 11 (78%) patients within 2 to 10 days (mean: 4 to 5 days). Fistulas failed to close in 3 patients with high-output fistulas. Similar results were obtained in an open-label study of octreotide 100 mcg subcutaneously every 8 hours. For reducing output from a pancreatic fistula†.