Is CD40 ligand on T cells?
Is CD40 ligand on T cells?
CD40 ligand (CD40L), also known as CD154, is a protein that is primarily expressed on the surface of activated T cells and belongs to a member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily.
What cell type is CD40 found on?
B cells
CD40 was initially characterized on B cells and is expressed on APCs, such as B cells, dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, and monocytes, as well as on non-immune cells such as epithelial, endothelial, and mesenchymal (fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, synoviocytes, stellate cells, etc.) cells, platelets, and tumors.
What is the function of CD40L on T cells?
CD40L, or CD154, is canonically expressed on CD4+ T cells and it is a principal modulator of a wide range of humoral and cellular immune responses (1, 2). One of the primary functions of CD40L is the T cell-mediated activation of DCs and monocytes (3, 4), in a process known as DC licensing.
What does CD40 bind to?
Cluster of differentiation 40, CD40 is a costimulatory protein found on antigen-presenting cells and is required for their activation. The binding of CD154 (CD40L) on TH cells to CD40 activates antigen presenting cells and induces a variety of downstream effects.
How do T cells activate B cells?
Helper T cells stimulate the B cell through the binding of CD40L on the T cell to CD40 on the B cell, through interaction of other TNF-TNF-receptor family ligand pairs, and by the directed release of cytokines.
Where are CD40 ligands found in activated T cells?
CD40 ligand (CD40L), also known as CD154, is a protein that is primarily expressed on the surface of activated T cells and belongs to a member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily. Lack of CD40L results in an inability to undergo immunoglobulin class switch and only class IgM antibodies can be generated.
How does CD40 ligand interact with the APC?
Coupling of this newly expressed CD40L on T cells with CD40 on APC results in expression of the costimulatory activity of the APC. At this time the costimulatory signal provided by the APC is received by the T cells via CD28/CTLA-4, which drives the cell to enter into cell cycle and complete T cell activation.
Where is the CD40LG gene located in the immune system?
The CD40LG gene provides instructions for making a protein called CD40 ligand, which is found on the surface of immune system cells known as T cells. CD40 ligand attaches like a key in a lock to its receptor protein, CD40, which is located on the surface of immune system cells known as B cells.
How are CD40L + CAR T cells used in cancer treatment?
After adoptive cell transfer, the CD40L + CAR T cells displayed superior antitumor efficacy, licensed antigen-presenting cells, enhanced recruitment of immune effectors, and mobilized endogenous tumor-recognizing T cells. These effects were absent in Cd40 -/- mice and provide a rationale for the use of CD40L + CAR T cells in cancer treatment.