What is pyrin protein?
What is pyrin protein?
Pyrin (also known as marenostrin/TRIM200) is encoded by the Mefv gene and has a N-terminal PYD, 2 B-box zing finger domains, a coiled-coil domain, and a C-terminal B30. 2 domain (Broz & Dixit, 2016). During infection, pyrin detects the posttranslational modification of cellular proteins carried out by bacterial toxins.
What does pyrin do in cells?
Pyrin is produced in certain white blood cells (neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes) that play a role in inflammation and in fighting infection. Pyrin may direct the migration of white blood cells to sites of inflammation and stop or slow the inflammatory response when it is no longer needed.
What is pyrin Inflammasome?
The pyrin inflammasome has evolved as an innate immune sensor to detect bacterial toxin-induced Rho guanosine triphosphatase (Rho GTPase)-inactivation, a process that is similar to the “guard” mechanism in plants.
What does the Inflammasome do?
The inflammasomes are innate immune system receptors/sensors that regulate the activation of caspase-1 and induce inflammation in response to infectious microbes and molecules derived from host proteins. It has been implicated in a host of inflammatory disorders.
How common is familial Mediterranean fever?
Familial Mediterranean fever primarily affects populations originating in the Mediterranean region, particularly people of Armenian, Arab, Turkish, or Jewish ancestry. The disorder affects 1 in 200 to 1,000 people in these populations. It is less common in other populations.
What is familial Mediterranean fever?
Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an inherited autoinflammatory disease characterized by recurrent episodes (attacks) of fever and acute inflammation of the membranes lining the abdomen, joints, and lungs.
What activates NLRP3 inflammasome?
The NLRP3 inflammasome is activated by diverse stimuli, and multiple molecular and cellular events, including ionic flux, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the production of reactive oxygen species, and lysosomal damage have been shown to trigger its activation.
What activates an inflammasome?
The NLRC4 inflammasome is generally activated by PAMPs including bacterial flagellin and type III secretion system (T3SS) components. Unlike other NLRPs, NLRC4 partners with another NLR family member, NAIP, which directly binds to bacterial ligands.
How does pyrin bind to the PYD domain?
Pyrin is a member of the pyrin-domain (PYD)–containing proteins, which are able to bind to the PYD domain of other proteins, including apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a C-terminal caspase recruitment domain (ASC). Binding of pyrin to ASC leads to activation of ASC, with consequent recruitment and activation of procaspase-1.
What is the function of pyrin in the body?
Pyrin’s protein structure also allows it to interact with other molecules involved in fighting infection and in the inflammatory response. Although pyrin’s function is not fully understood, it likely assists in keeping the inflammation process under control.
How many amino acids are in the pyrin protein?
The MEFV gene encodes for a protein of 781 amino acids, known as pyrin or marenostrin.
How is the pyrin inflammasome used in health and disease?
The Pyrin Inflammasome in Health and Disease The pyrin inflammasome has evolved as an innate immune sensor to detect bacterial toxin-induced Rho guanosine triphosphatase (Rho GTPase)-inactivation, a process that is similar to the “guard” mechanism in plants. Rho GTPases act as molecular switches to regulate a variety of signal transduction pat …