What is SiPM detector?
What is SiPM detector?
The Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM) is a sensor that addresses the challenge of sensing, timing and quantifying low-light signals down to the single-photon level. The SiPM features low-voltage operation, insensitivity to magnetic fields, mechanical robustness and excellent uniformity of response.
How does an SiPM work?
A silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) is a solid-state photodetector that in response to absorption of a photon can produce a current pulse several tens nanoseconds long containing 105 to 106 electrons. Therefore, a SiPM has a gain. This gain is comparable to that of a photomultiplier tube (PMT).
What is a quenching resistor?
The quench resistor enables microcell operation above the breakdown voltage, known as “Geiger-mode” and electrically decouples the micro-APDs from each other. The quenching resistor of a WB-Series is formed by a doped polysilicon strip line embedded in an insulating matrix.
What is multi-pixel photon counter?
The multi-pixel photon counter (MPPC) is a newly developed photodetector with an excellent photon counting capability. It also has many attractive features such as small size, high gain, low operation voltage and power consumption, and capability of operating in magnetic fields and in room temperature.
What is photon detection efficiency?
The photon detection efficiency (PDE) is defined as the number of photon-discharged microcells divided by the number of incident photons. For SiPMs the PDE value depends on the applied overvoltage (cf. Figure 1) and the wavelength of the incoming photon (cf. Figure 2).
What is dark count rate?
The dark count rate (DCR) is defined as pulses per second in dark condition (i.e., no photons entering the SPAD). For the APP, different definitions can be found in literature. In this work, we define a pulse as after pulse if it occurs within 100 ns after another pulse.
What is passive quenching?
Passive quenching circuits The simplest quenching circuit is commonly called passive quenching circuit and comprises a single resistor in series with the SPAD. After the quenching of the avalanche current, the SPAD bias VD slowly recovers to Va, and therefore the detector is ready to be ignited again.
What is a SPAD array?
Single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) arrays are solid-state detectors that offer imaging capabilities at the level of individual photons, with unparalleled photon counting and time-resolved performance.
What is dark current in photodetector?
Dark current is the unwanted leakage current of a pn junction photodiode in the reverse direction, when it is exposed to light. The dark current serves as a “basic current” that can not be avoided. To achieve maximum sensitivity, you want the on / off ratio of the current to be maximum.
What is quenching circuit?
quenching circuits for single-photon detection Avalanche photodiodes, which operate above the breakdown voltage in Geiger mode connected with avalanche-quenching circuits, can be used to detect single photons and are therefore called single- photon avalanche diodes SPAD’s.
What is a dark count?
The dark count rate is the average rate of registered counts without any incident light. This determines the minimum count rate at which the signal is dominantly caused by real photons. The false detection events are mostly of thermal origin and can therefore be strongly suppressed by using a cooled type of detector.
Why are SiPM detectors used instead of PMT?
The design and operation of scintillation detectors are shifting to Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM) detectors from the traditional Photomultiplier Tube (PMT) due to the low-voltage operation, magnetic field insensitivity, mechanical robustness, and smaller size.
What are silicon photomultipliers ( SiPMs ) from first sensor?
Silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) from First Sensor are innovative solid-state silicon detectors with single photon sensitivity. SiPMs are a valid alternative to photomultiplier tubes.
What makes a SiPM a good timing device?
SiPMs excel in many applications and feature high gain with very low temperature drift, extremely good timing performance at a low operating voltage. They are also insensitive to magnetic fields and stand out with their mechanical robustness.
Which is SiPM detector integration does Saint Gobain use?
Saint-Gobain can optimize this balance with their experience with scintillation optics and the ability to tailor the detector assembly to match the SiPM configuration. Saint-Gobain has the SiPM integrated solution to meet your needs, ranging from standard configurations to highly customized applications.