What is the chemical structure of pyrimethamine?
What is the chemical structure of pyrimethamine?
C12H13ClN4
Pyrimethamine/Formula
What is the composition of Fansidar?
Fansidar (sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine) is an antimalarial agent, each tablet containing 500 mg N1-(5,6-dimethoxy-4-pyrimidinyl) sulfanilamide (sulfadoxine) and 25 mg 2,4-diamino-5-(p-chlorophenyl)-6-ethylpyrimidine (pyrimethamine). Each tablet also contains cornstarch, gelatin, lactose, magnesium stearate and talc.
What type of drug is pyrimethamine?
Pyrimethamine belongs to a class of drugs known as antiparasitics. It works by killing parasites.
Why are sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine used together?
Description and Brand Names Sulfadoxine , a sulfa medicine, and pyrimethamine combination is used to treat malaria. This medicine may also be used to prevent malaria in people who are living in, or will be traveling to, an area where there is a chance of getting malaria.
Is pyrimethamine acidic or basic?
The i.v. formulation was previously popular in hospital settings because of its rapid onset of action, however iv promethazine solutions are both highly acidic & irritating, and have the potential to cause severe tissue damage (see black box warning).
What is the mechanism of action of pyrimethamine?
Mechanism of action and resistance Pyrimethamine selectively inhibits the plasmodial form of dihydrofolate reductase, reducing the production of folic acid required for nucleic acid synthesis in the malarial parasite (see Fig. 51.4).
What does pyrimethamine help with?
Pyrimethamine is an antiparasitic prescription medicine approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of Toxoplasma gondii infection (toxoplasmosis). Pyrimethamine is usually used together with a sulfonamide (sulfa medicine) to treat toxoplasmosis.
How does sulfadoxine pyrimethamine?
Sulfadoxine is a sulfonamide antibiotic that competes with p-aminobenzoic acid in the biosynthesis of folate. Pyrimethamine serves as a selective inhibitor of protozoal dihydrofolate reductase, hence preventing the synthesis of tetrahydrofolate — the active form of folate.
What is the combination of Sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine used for?
The combination of sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine is used in the treatment and prophylaxis of chloroquine resistant strains of malaria and the treatment of toxoplasmosis. Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine has been linked with rare cases of idiosyncratic liver injury which resembles the hepatotoxicity associated with sulfonamides.
What are the side effects of pyrimethamine sulfonamides?
A rash, which can be indicative of a hypersensitivity reaction, is also seen, particularly in combination with sulfonamides. Central nervous system effects include ataxia, tremors, and seizures. Hematologic side effects such as thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, and anemia can also occur.
What kind of powder is pyrimethamine made of?
Pyrimethamine is an odorless white crystalline powder. Tasteless. An antimalarial drug. Pyrimethamine is an aminopyrimidine that is pyrimidine-2,4-diamine which is substituted at position 5 by a p-chlorophenyl group and at position 6 by an ethyl group.
Is it safe to take pyrimethamine in combination with sulfadiazine?
In combination with a long-acting sulfonamide such as sulfadiazine, it was widely used, such as in Fansidar, though resistance to this combination is increasing. Pyrimethamine is contraindicated in people with folate-deficiency anaemia.