What was the aim of Peterson and Peterson?
What was the aim of Peterson and Peterson?
Peterson and Peterson (1959) Aims: To prove that things only stay in short term memory for around 20 seconds and then, if it is not rehearsed, it disappears forever. Procedures: Participants were given sets of trigrams to learn and then tested on their recall. They had to recall them after 3, 6, 9, 12 or 18 seconds.
What did Bahrick study?
Very Long-Term Memory Experiment. Bahrick, Bahrick, and Wittinger (1975) investigated what they called very long term memory (VLTM). Nearly 400 participants aged 17 – 74 were tested. Participants were asked to list the names they could remember of those in their graduating class in a free recall test.
What did Bahrick et al 2002 study demonstrate?
Consistent with predictions of the IRH (Bahrick & Lickliter, 2000, 2002; Bahrick et al., 2004), these results demonstrate that at 5 months of age, memory for nonredundantly specified properties, such as orientation, is facilitated in unimodal as compared with bimodal stimulation, whereas by 9 months of age, infants can …
What did Peterson and Peterson find out about memory?
Peterson & Peterson found that the longer the interval the less accurate the recall. At 3 seconds, around 80% of the trigrams were correctly recalled, whereas at 18 seconds only 10% were correctly recalled. Peterson & Peterson concluded that short-term memory has a limited duration of approximately 18 seconds.
Why did Peterson and Peterson use Trigrams in their research?
Peterson and Peterson were careful to eliminate factors other than time that might affect recall: Interference tasks reduced the chances of rehearsal before recall. In addition to this trigrams were used to eliminate the attached meaning that might be used to remember, for example, words, better.
What is proactive interference example?
Proactive interference refers to the interference effect of previously learned materials on the acquisition and retrieval of newer materials. An example of proactive interference in everyday life would be a difficulty in remembering a friend’s new phone number after having previously learned the old number.