Which catalyst is used in reforming of naphtha?
Which catalyst is used in reforming of naphtha?
Naphtha reforming catalyst is a bifunctional catalyst consists of a metal function, mainly platinum, and an acid function, usually chloride alumina. The metal function catalyzes the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions and the acid function promote the isomerization and cyclization reactions [11], [12], [13].
Which catalyst is used in reforming?
platinum
Catalytic reforming uses a catalyst, usually platinum, to produce a similar result. Mixed with hydrogen, naphtha is heated and passed over pellets of catalyst in a series of reactors, under high pressure, producing high-octane gasoline.
Why is naphtha reforming important?
By 1950 a reforming process was introduced that employed a catalyst to improve the yield of the most desirable gasoline components while minimizing the formation of unwanted heavy products and coke.
How does naphtha become gasoline?
Catalytic reforming is a chemical process used to convert petroleum refinery naphthas distilled from crude oil (typically having low octane ratings) into high-octane liquid products called reformates, which are premium blending stocks for high-octane gasoline.
Is there naphtha in gasoline?
In accordance with DIN EN 228, gasoline mainly consists of various hydrocarbons obtained by distilling crude oil. The fraction of the crude oil with a boiling range between 35°C and 210°C is referred to as naphtha. So gasoline is refined naphtha. In the chemical industry, naphtha is also used as a solvent for cleaning.
Which is produced in the catalytic naphtha reforming process?
In addition, the produced reformate in catalytic naphtha reforming process includes valuable aromatics such as benzene, toluene, and xylenes (BTX) that are very important petrochemical materials.
When did they start reforming naphtha for gasoline?
The initial process, thermal reforming, was developed in the late 1920s. Thermal reforming employed temperatures of 510–565 °C (950–1,050 °F) at moderate pressures—about 40 bars (4 MPa), or 600 psi—to obtain gasolines (petrols) with octane numbers of 70 to 80 from heavy naphthas with octane numbers of less than 40.
Do you need to hydrotreate naphtha before reforming it?
In most cases, the naphtha feedstock needs to be hydrotreated before reforming to protect the platinum catalyst from poisoning by sulfur or nitrogen species.
Is the catalytic reforming process the same as steam reforming?
This process is quite different from and not to be confused with the catalytic steam reforming process used industrially to produce products such as hydrogen, ammonia, and methanol from natural gas, naphtha or other petroleum-derived feedstocks.