Which disease of sorghum is associated with seed discoloration?
Which disease of sorghum is associated with seed discoloration?
9.2.1 symptoms Lodging is often the first obvious sign of Fusarium stalk rot in sorghum plants, but the diagnostic symptoms of the disease are usually not evident until the plants are stressed. When a stalk infected by Fusarium is split lengthwise, a pink–red discoloration is evident from ground level up the stem.
What is ergot in sorghum?
Ergot in sorghum is caused by a fungus, Claviceps africana. Infection occurs during flowering when spores of the fungus land on the feathery stigmas of flowers in sorghum heads. If the flower has been fertilised by pollen it resists infection and normal seed will develop.
What is the causal organism of anthracnose of sorghum?
Colletotrichum sublineola (wrongly named for many years as Colletotrichum sublineolum), is the causal agent of sorghum anthracnose, which is one of the most important diseases in sorghum and can cause losses up to 25%.
What is sorghum effect?
Results: Studies were divided into those that investigated the effect of sorghum on chronic disease and those that investigated other effects of sorghum on health. There was evidence that the consumption of sorghum attenuated blood glucose responses and decreased the expression of markers of oxidative stress.
How do you control ergot in sorghum?
Although ergot spores can survive in honeydew on sorghum seed, the fungicide thiram that is used routinely on sorghum planting seed will kill the spores. Sorghum ergot does not survive from season to season in sorghum stubble or as sclerotes in the soil.
What does ergot look like?
The ergot bodies have a hard protective rind on the outside, which is black to dark purple in colour, and a white to grey coloured interior. They are often elongated and protrude from the glumes of maturing heads, and may be up to 10 times larger than the seed it has replaced.
Which of the following is most destructive among all Smuts of sorghum?
Those varieties, hybrids, and types of sorghum that are resistant to races of covered kernel smut usually are resistant to races of loose kernel smut. Head smut is most damaging to sorgho, durras, and hybrids between these two sorghum groups, but progress in developing disease resistant varieties has been made.
What kind of disease is sorghum leaf blight?
Sorghum leaf blight is a foliar disease caused by Exserohilum turcicum. In 1996, the disease was prevalent in parts of western Texas, but occurred sporadically across the sorghum producing areas of the United States and northern Mexico.
Where does sorghum grow in the United States?
In 1996, the disease was prevalent in parts of western Texas, but occurred sporadically across the sorghum producing areas of the United States and northern Mexico. Today, this disease is present in many humid areas where sorghum is grown and is favored by moderate temperatures (60 to 80 F).
What kind of disease does crazy top sorghum have?
Crazy top is the common name for a mildew disease caused by Sclerophthora macrospora. The spores can survive in the soil or in diseased plant tissue for long periods. Saturation of the soil for 24 to 48 hours allows the spores to become viable and enter sorghum plants.
What are the symptoms of fungus on sorghum?
Optimum environmental conditions for maximum infection include: temperatures between 20 and 25°C and slightly acidic soils favour the disease developments. The fungus affects the crop at all stages of growth. The first symptoms are small flecks on the lower leaves (purple, tan or red depending upon the cultivar).