Which technique can produce haploid plant?
Which technique can produce haploid plant?
Haploid plants can be produced through in vitro culture of male gametophytic cells, i.e. microspores or immature pollen. In a general procedure for microspore culture, anthers are collected from sterilized flower buds in a small beaker containing basal media (e.g. 50 anthers of Nicotiana in 10 ml media).
Which in vitro methods is used to generate haploids?
The most used methods are gynogenesis and androgenesis (Irikova et al., 2016). Gynogenesis involves female gametophytes (ovules and ovaries), and androgenesis uses male gametes (anthers and microspores) to generate haploids.
Which plant is used for anther culture?
Reference [8] successfully obtained haploid plants from culturing isolated anthers of Nicotiana . Since then, haploid development using in vitro culture of anthers and isolated pollen has been successful with many other crop species such as rice, wheat, maize, Brassica , and pepper [2, 5].
What is the importance of haploid plant culture?
Haploid cell cultures are useful material for induction of mutations and to study the effect of mutation. This method can overcome the masking effect of presence of dominant gene. The screening method for detection of mutational effect is also easier in this technique.
Who is father of tissue?
Note: Tissue culture was studied since the beginning of the 1800s, but was introduced in plants only in the late 1800s. Also, Father of tissue culture is a name given to Ross Granville Harrison, an American zoologist and Father of Plant tissue culture also known as Father of cell culture is Gottlieb Haberlandt.
What is double haploid?
Doubled haploids (DHs) are plants derived from a single pollen grain and doubled artificially to form homozygous diploids.
How is haploid culture used to produce plants?
What is Haploid culture? Haploid culture is an in vitro technique used to produce haploid (cells have half the number of chromosomes) plants. Blackslee et al. (1922) first reported the natural occurrence of the haploid condition in Datura plants, due to parthenogenesis (embryo development from an unfertilized egg).
When was the first haploid production technique used?
Until 1960, haploid production was achieved by hybridizing two species of the plants or pollen irradiation. Then, Guha and Maheswari (1964) introduced the first haploid embryos and plantlets by culturing the excised anthers of Datura innoxia in lab conditions.
How are haploid plants produced in androgenesis?
The process of in vitro androgenesis for the ultimate production of haploid plants is depicted in Fig. 45.2. The cultured microspores mainly follow four distinct pathways during the initial stages of in vitro androgenesis. The uninucleate microspore undergoes equal division to form two daughter cells of equal size e.g. Datura innoxia.
Are there any plants that can produce haploids?
Now, much progress has been made in producing the haploids of several economically important plants, including wheat, rice, maize, etc. So far, the haploids have been produced from anther culture of more than 170 species, and in approximately 30 species, it is reported from the in vitro female gametophyte culture.