What does Bcl-2 do in cancer?
What does Bcl-2 do in cancer?
A protein that helps control whether a cell lives or dies by blocking a type of cell death called apoptosis. The gene for BCL2 is found on chromosome 18, and transfer of the BCL2 gene to a different chromosome is seen in many B-cell leukemias and lymphomas.
What does the Bcl-2 gene do?
The BCL-2 family of proteins controls cell death primarily by direct binding interactions that regulate mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) leading to the irreversible release of intermembrane space proteins, subsequent caspase activation and apoptosis.
Is double hit lymphoma hereditary?
These types of lymphoma might have features of more than one type of lymphoma, such as DLBCL and Burkitt lymphoma. They do not have the genetic mutations found in double-hit or triple-hit lymphoma. Lymphomas in this group can behave very differently to each other.
Is BCL2 a tumor suppressor?
Apoptosis-Suppressing Oncoprotein Bcl-2 Bcl-2 is widely believed to be an apoptosis suppressor gene. Overexpression of the protein in cancer cells may block or delay onset of apoptosis, by selecting and maintaining long-living cells and arresting cells in the G0 phase of the cell cycle.
What is the result of developing an inhibitor that targets BCL2?
Inhibitors of BCL-2, such as venetoclax and navitoclax, were shown to selectively induce apoptosis in malignant cells and have been extensively investigated as single agents and in combination with other drugs in several malignancies, including acute leukemia, lymphomas, and solid tumors.
What causes overexpression of Bcl-2?
The results suggest that gene amplification and translocation are at least equally common mechanisms causing bcl-2 protein overexpression in DLBCL. Bcl-2 protein overexpression as determined by IHC is associated with poor response to chemotherapy and poor survival.
Does BCL2 cause apoptosis?
BCL2 (and its antiapoptotic orthologues) seems to inhibit apoptosis by the preservation of mitochondrial membrane integrity as its hydrophobic carboxyl-terminal domain is linked to the outer membrane. It is also known that BCL2 binds to and inactivates BAX and other pro-apoptotic proteins, thereby inhibiting apoptosis.
What kind of lymphoma does BCL2 stand for?
Anaplastic lymphoma, apocrine benign / malignant lesions, benign fibrous histiocytoma, lymphoid hyperplasia (marginal zone cells in hyperplastic areas are BCL2+, germinal centers are BCL2-), lymphoplasmayctic lymphoma
What is the role of the Bcl-2 family?
The BCL-2 family is a key player in the balance between cell survival and cell death. Family members such as BCL-2, BCLXL, and MCL-1 are well known to be dysregulated in cancer, leading to a prosurvival advantage.
How does overexpression of BCL2 prevent apoptosis?
Pathophysiology Prevents cells from undergoing apoptosis BCL2 overexpression increase lifespan of B cells; may maintain memory B cells, plasma cells and neurons by prolonging life span without cell division May participate in ion channel formation and alteration of membrane permeability, necessary for initiation of apoptosis
How does BCL2 affect the survival of the cell?
BCL2 increases the survival kinetics of the cell specifically by blocking apoptosis. Thus it prevents the cell from going into suicidal activities that usually require ATP, new RNA, and protein synthesis, and inducing a variety of cellular ultra-structural changes such as cell shrinkage, nuclear fragmentation, and DNA degradation.