What is dihydroxybenzoic acid used for?
What is dihydroxybenzoic acid used for?
3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid is a dihydroxybenzoic acid in which the hydroxy groups are located at positions 3 and 4. It has a role as a human xenobiotic metabolite, a plant metabolite, an antineoplastic agent, an EC 1.1. 1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor and an EC 1.14.
What is protocatechuate?
In enzymology, a protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase (EC 1.13.11.3) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + O2 3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate. Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (protocatechuic acid) and O2, whereas its product is 3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate.
What is dihydroxybenzoic acid?
Dihydroxybenzoic acids (DHBA) are a type of phenolic acids. There are six main compounds, having all the same molecular formula C7H6O4. Those are: 2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid (2-Pyrocatechuic acid or hypogallic acid) 2,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid (β-Resorcylic acid)
How do you dissolve a PCA?
PCA is soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, DMSO, and dimethyl formamide (DMF), which should be purged with an inert gas.
Is benzoic acid good for the face?
Benzoic acid helps prevent infection caused by bacteria. Salicylic acid helps the body shed rough or dead skin cells. Benzoic acid and salicylic acid topical (for the skin) is a combination medicine used to treat skin irritation and inflammation caused by burns, insect bites, fungal infections, or eczema.
What is salicylic acid chemistry?
Salicylic Acid is a beta hydroxy acid that occurs as a natural compound in plants. Salicylic acid is a monohydroxybenzoic acid that is benzoic acid with a hydroxy group at the ortho position. It is obtained from the bark of the white willow and wintergreen leaves.
What is Dihydroxybutanedioic acid?
tartaric acid, also called dihydroxybutanedioic acid, a dicarboxylic acid, one of the most widely distributed of plant acids, with a number of food and industrial uses. Purified cream of tartar comes chiefly from the filtrates from production of the acid and Rochelle salt.
What are the side effects of benzoic acid?
Immediately or shortly after exposure to benzoic acid, the following health effects can occur:
- Eye damage.
- Irritation of the skin, resulting in a rash, redness, and/or a burning feeling.
- Irritation to the nose, throat and lungs if inhaled, which may cause coughing, wheezing and/or shortness of breath.
Is benzoic acid cancerous?
Benzoic acid can become carcinogenic. It is important to know that when sodium benzoate combines with ascorbic acid (vitamin C), it can form a known carcinogen called benzene. “Benzene is among the 20 most widely used chemicals in the United States.
Is there a visible spectrum of protocatechuic acid?
UV visible spectrum of protocatechuic acid Protocatechuic acid (PCA) is a dihydroxybenzoic acid, a type of phenolic acid. It is a major metabolite of antioxidant polyphenols found in green tea. It has mixed effects on normal and cancer cells in in vitro and in vivo studies.
How is protocatechuic acid produced in the body?
Protocatechuic acid is one of the main catechins metabolites found in humans after consumption of green tea infusions. The enzyme protocatechuate decarboxylase uses 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate to produce catechol and CO 2.
How is protocatechuic acid used to treat leukemia?
In an in vitro model using HL-60 leukemia cells, protocatechuic acid showed an antigenotoxic effect and tumoricidal activity.
Where can you find protocatechuic acid in onion?
Protocatechuic acid also exists in the skins of some strains of onion as an antifungal mechanism, increasing endogenous resistance against smudge fungus. It is also found in Allium cepa (17,540 ppm). PCA occurs in roselle ( Hibiscus sabdariffa ), which is used worldwide as a food and beverage.
What is dhb chemistry?
It is a dihydroxybenzoic acid, a type of organic compound. 2,3-DHB consists of a catechol group, which upon deprotonation binds iron centers very strongly, and the carboxylic acid group by which the ring attaches to various scaffolds through amide bonds.
Which is more water soluble (- Resorcylic acid or acid )?
In water, α-resorcylic acid is considerable more soluble than all the other acids ranking: gentisic acid N protocatechuic acid N gallic acid.
Is gallic acid soluble in water?
The experimental data show that the solubility of gallic acid in different solvents increases smoothly with increasing temperature. However, the solubility of gallic acid in methanol is higher than in ethanol, water, and ethyl acetate.
Is benzoic acid an organic compound?
Benzoic acid, a white, crystalline organic compound belonging to the family of carboxylic acids, widely used as a food preservative and in the manufacture of various cosmetics, dyes, plastics, and insect repellents.
What foods contain gallic acid?
In nature, gallic acid and its derivatives are present in nearly every part of the plant, such as bark, wood, leaf, fruit, root and seed. They are present in different concentrations in common foodstuffs such as blueberry, blackberry, strawberry, plums, grapes, mango, cashew nut, hazelnut, walnut, tea, wine and so on.
Why gallic acid is used in total phenolic content?
I found the details of Folin-Ciocalteu reaction, and the exact reason of choosing Gallic acid as a standard… the reasons are: Partly for historical reasons, In addition it is inexpensive, soluble in water, recrystallized easily from water, readily dried, and stable in the dry form.
What is benzoic acid formula?
C7H6O2
Benzoic acid/Formula
What is pure benzoic acid?
Benzoic acid, a white, crystalline organic compound belonging to the family of carboxylic acids, widely used as a food preservative and in the manufacture of various cosmetics, dyes, plastics, and insect repellents. Pure benzoic acid melts at 122° C (252° F) and is very slightly soluble in water.
What happens if inhale benzoic acid?
Immediately or shortly after exposure to benzoic acid, the following health effects can occur: Eye damage. Irritation of the skin, resulting in a rash, redness, and/or a burning feeling. Irritation to the nose, throat and lungs if inhaled, which may cause coughing, wheezing and/or shortness of breath.
Is benzoic acid safe in skincare?
The safety of Benzyl Alcohol, Benzoic Acid, Sodium Benzoate, Calcium Benzoate, Potassium Benzoate and Benzyl Benzoate has been assessed by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel. The CIR Expert Panel evaluated the scientific data and concluded that these ingredients were safe for use in cosmetic products.
How many dihydroxybenzoic acids are there in the world?
Dihydroxybenzoic acids (DHBA) are a type of phenolic acids . There are six main compounds, having all the same molecular formula C7H6O4. Orsellinic acid is also a dihydoxybenzoic acid having an extra methyl group. This set index page lists chemical compounds articles associated with…
Which is a dihydroxybenzoic acid with extra methyl group?
Orsellinic acid is also a dihydoxybenzoic acid having an extra methyl group. This set index page lists chemical compounds articles associated with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.
Who is the inventor of 2, 4 dihydroxybenzoic acid?
STOT SE 3 (90.74%) Peter Neumann, Ulrich Eichenauer, “Preparation of 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid.” U.S. Patent US4996354, issued August, 1955. The data from CAS Common Chemistry is provided under a CC-BY-NC 4.0 license, unless otherwise stated.
When does 3, 5-dihydroxybenzoic acid hydrolyze in the liver?
3, 5-dihydroxybenzoic acid is a primary metabolite of alkylresinols which has been hydrolyzed by liver enzymes during phase I metabolism after several cycles of beta oxidation. Aggregated GHS information provided by 51 companies from 10 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory.