How to activate STAT3?
How to activate STAT3?
Typically, STAT3 activation is induced by phosphorylation on a critical tyrosine residue (Tyr 705) that triggers STAT3 dimerization thanks to reciprocal phosphotyrosine-SH2 domain interactions.
What genes does STAT3 activate?
Given its ability to regulate both oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, STAT3 has been reported to promote and inhibit oncogenesis. STAT3 has been shown to induce cancers of the breast [21,22], prostate [11] and skin [23,24].
What is STAT3 a transcription factor of?
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a transcription factor that mediates cellular responses to a variety of cytokines and growth factors. STAT3 activation is mediated through phosphorylation and either homodimerization or heterodimerization with another member of the STAT family.
What does STAT3 protein do?
Through its regulation of gene activity, the STAT3 protein is involved in many cellular functions. It helps control cell growth and division (proliferation), cell movement (migration), and the self-destruction of cells (apoptosis).
What is the STAT3 pathway?
STAT3 modulates the transcription of a variety of genes involved in the regulation of critical functions, including cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, metastasis, and immune responses. For many cancers, elevated levels of activated STAT3 have been associated with a poor prognosis.
What happens to STAT3 after phosphorylation?
In the case of polypeptide ligand-induced STAT3 activation in cells, STAT3 translocates to the nucleus after being phosphorylated at Tyr705, followed by phosphorylation at Ser727.
Which protein is upstream of STAT3 that leads to its activation?
There are, however, multiple potential upstream inputs that lead to the activation of STAT3, including: the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a member of the ErbB/HER family of RTKs; the family of IL-6–type (IL-6) cytokine receptors that form complexes with gp130 and JAKS; and several GPCRs (Figure 1) (1.
What activates STAT5?
STAT5 can be activated by various hormones and cytokines, including IFNα, IFNβ, IL-3, GM-CSF, thrombopoietin, and erythropoietin [10,62,91,92]. Interestingly, CrkL has been shown to form a complex with STAT5 under these conditions as well.
What cells express in STAT3?
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a transcription factor that is activated downstream of many key cytokine receptors expressed by lymphocytes. As such, it plays a critical role in regulating B cells as well as CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
Is STAT5 a transcription factor?
Development of T Cell Immunity STAT5 serves as a signaling unit and transcription factor for cytokine receptors that utilize the common gamma chain (γc). These γc-dependent cytokines include IL-2, IL-7, and IL-15.
What is the STAT5 pathway?
Regulation of the JAK2-STAT5 Pathway by Signaling Molecules in the Mammary Gland. Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and signal transducers and activators of transcription 5 (STAT5) are involved in the proliferation, differentiation, and survival of mammary gland epithelial cells.
Is STAT3 anti inflammatory?
STAT3 anti-inflammatory signaling in non-immune populations A handful of evidence implicates anti-inflammatory roles for STAT3 in non-immune populations, suggesting this function of STAT3 may operate in numerous tissues in homeostasis and/or disease.