What is the most common cause of acquired mitral stenosis?
What is the most common cause of acquired mitral stenosis?
Rheumatic fever is the most common cause of mitral valve stenosis.
Why is there loud P2 in mitral stenosis?
The P2 (pulmonic) component of the second heart sound (S2) will be loud if severe pulmonary hypertension is due to mitral stenosis. An opening snap (OS) is an additional sound that may be heard after the A2 component of the second heart sound (S2).
Is mitral stenosis life threatening?
If left untreated, mitral valve disease can lead to serious, life-threatening complications such as heart failure or irregular heartbeats, called arrhythmias.
Is mitral valve stenosis considered heart disease?
Mitral valve stenosis, a form of valvular heart disease, is characterized by the narrowing of the opening in the mitral valve, which lies between the left atrium and the left ventricle in the heart. This narrowing can reduce the amount of blood the heart can pump, leaving you tired and often short of breath.
What does it mean if you have mitral valve stenosis?
Mitral valve stenosis. Overview. Normal heart and heart with mitral valve stenosis Mitral valve stenosis, shown in the heart on the right, is a condition in which the heart’s mitral valve is narrowed. This abnormal valve doesn’t open properly, blocking blood flow coming into your left ventricle, the main pumping chamber of your heart.
What is the cross sectional area of mitral stenosis?
Mitral stenosis is mild if the cross sectional area is about 2 cm 2 and the pressure gradient is small. Mitral stenosis is moderate if the cross sectional area is about 1.0 to 1.5 cm 2. Mitral stenosis is severe if the cross sectional area is ≤1.0 cm 2 and the pressure gradient between the left atrium and left ventricle is significant.
When does mitral stenosis cause exertional dyspnea?
Patients will not experience valve-related symptoms until the valve area is 2-2.5 cm 2 or less, at which point moderate exercise or tachycardia may result in exertional dyspnea from the increased transmitral gradient and left atrial pressure. Severe mitral stenosis occurs with a valve area of less than 1 cm 2.
What happens when the diastolic mitral valve narrows?
Severe mitral stenosis occurs with a valve area of less than 1 cm 2. As the valve progressively narrows, the resting diastolic mitral valve gradient, and hence left atrial pressure, increases. This leads to transudation of fluid into the lung interstitium and dyspnea at rest or with minimal exertion.