Which drug has disulfiram-like effect?
Which drug has disulfiram-like effect?
Drugs which cause disulfiram-like reactions upon ingestion of alcohol as an unintended effect include:
- Abacavir.
- Cephalosporins such as cefamandole, cefmenoxime, cefmetazole, cefonicid, cefoperazone, cefotetan, ceftriaxone, and latamoxef (moxalactam); thought to be due to common N-methylthiotetrazole metabolite.
Which antibiotic when ingested concomitantly with alcohol causes a disulfiram-like reaction?
Concomitant ingestion of alcohol and cephalosporin may cause a disulfiram-like reaction; however its fatal outcomes are not commonly known.
How does metronidazole cause disulfiram reaction?
This is thought to be due to the blocking of hepatic aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) enzyme followed by the accumulation of acetaldehyde in the blood. However, based on animal studies and on only 10 human case reports, the existence of metronidazole-related disulfiram-like reaction has recently been questioned.
Does Ornidazole cause disulfiram reaction?
The increase in serum acetaldehyde results in unpleasant clinical manifestations. Metronidazole is known to cause disulfiram-like reaction. Although no previous report has implicated ornidazole in causation of disulfiram-like reaction, caution has been advised with the use of all imidazoles.
How long should you take disulfiram?
Initial Dosage Schedule In the first phase of treatment, a maximum of 500 mg daily is given in a single dose for one to two weeks. Although usually taken in the morning, disulfiram may be taken on retiring by patients who experience a sedative effect.
What is the action of disulfiram?
Mechanism of Action Disulfiram irreversibly inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH1A1) by competing with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) at the cysteine residue in the active site of the enzyme. ALDH1A1 is a hepatic enzyme of the major oxidative pathway of alcohol metabolism, converting ethanol to acetaldehyde.
What is a disulfiram like reaction with alcohol?
Medical Definition of Disulfaram-like reaction Disulfaram-like reaction: a process in the body that produces symptoms similar to those that occur when alcohol is consumed after taking disulfaram (Antabuse). Disulfiram is an oral drug used for treating alcoholism that causes unpleasant symptoms when alcohol is consumed.
How do you treat a disulfiram like reaction?
Recommended treatment consists of supportive measures such as Trendelenberg posture, administration of oxygen and intravenous infusion of fluid, solute, colloid, and, if needed, a pressor agent such as norepinephrine. Iron salts, ascorbic acid, antihistamines and phenothiazines are of no established benefit.
Why is metronidazole not taken with alcohol?
Do not drink alcohol or use any products that contain alcohol while using metronidazole. Doing so can cause a chemical reaction that prevents your body from processing the alcohol. Symptoms of such a reaction can include: cramps in your abdomen.
What are the side effects of disulfiram?
Some of the symptoms you may experience if you use any alcohol while taking this medicine are:
- Blurred vision.
- Chest pain.
- Confusion.
- Dizziness or fainting.
- Fast or pounding heartbeat.
- Flushing or redness of face.
- Increased sweating.
- Nausea and vomiting.
Which is better metronidazole or ornidazole?
Metronidazole is a well-known and commonly used anti-protozoal agent, but another 5-nitroimidazole derivative, ornidazole, may be preferable, where available, because of its longer half-life and fewer side-effects.
How long will the disulfiram reaction last?
The effects of disulfiram are felt as quickly as 10 minutes after consuming alcohol and can last for at least 30 minutes, in some patients they may continue for several hours. The reaction is so unpleasant and severe that most users would rather abstain from drinking.
What is a disulfiram like reaction?
Jump to navigation Jump to search. A disulfiram-like drug is a drug that causes an adverse reaction to alcohol leading to nausea, vomiting, flushing, dizziness, throbbing headache, chest and abdominal discomfort, and general hangover-like symptoms among others.
What is disulfiram used for?
Disulfiram, also known by the brand name Antabuse, is used as an effective treatment for chronic alcoholism by discouraging the consumption of alcohol.